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On the basis of People of Nepal and its culture, Nepalese culture
is multi racial cultural linguistically, multilingual cultural religiously,
multi religion culture and culturally Nepalese culture is plural cultural
society. Albeit it is not well enough well understand what Nepalese society and
culture is. There are altogether 100 ethnic cast group and they speaks more than
90 different dialects. Although 100 ethnic cast groups belong to four major
racial groups. They are Mongoloid, Caucasoid, Munda and Dravid. Four major
languages including Tibeto-Burmis, Indo Aryan, Munda and Dravid. Though nine
different religious groups i.e. Hindu, Buddhist, Muslim, Christians, Jains,
Kiratis, Bahais, Bengalis etc are pre-dominated in Nepalese society.
On the account of Nepal's Geographical location,
we can find different caste and ethnic of people inhabiting in Mountain, Hill
and Terai region.
The Mountain region:
Himalayan region is geographically environmentally, geologically can be
characterized by low oxygen pressure, low temperature, high radiation values and
low humidity of air. Geographically nature of steep mountains and gorges, lakes,
terrain mountains, irregular shape of the mountains, geomorphologic hazard,
poorly developed soil, single cropping pattern, remote or isolated settlement,
frazzle ecologically divided into two region arid bound zone to the north and
snow bound region to the east. The whole mountain regions is is in habituated by
the Saukas of Darchula, Nymbas of northern Humla, Dolpowas of northern Dolpo,
Lopos of Upper Mustang, Neyshangwas, Narwas and Gyasumodowas of Manang, Sher of
Manasalu region in Gorkha, Hyalmo of Helambu , Sherpa of Solukhumbu and, Lomis
and Tapkegola of Sakuhuwasabha and Taplejung. All those people/ethnic group
except Saukas are religiously Tibetan Buddhist. Racially above mentioned peoples
are belong to Tibeto-Mongoloid group. Almost their culture tradition is very
similar with the Tibetan.
The Hill region:
Geographically, the area is influenced by moderate climate and gentle
slippery land. The land is cultivated in comparison to the mountain. Maize,
millet, paddy and the potato grown in that area. Economically people are
agriculturist. Forest and community forest has also positively influenced the
life and culture of the people. The geographic nature of river and lake side,
green forest equally influenced the life and cultural of the hill people. Some
people have settled on the top of the hill and some people are found on the
bottom near to river side. The hill region is habited by the Limbus, Rais,
Jirels, Danuwards, Chepangas, Tamangs, Newars, Gurungs, Thakalis, Brahims,
Chhetris, Thakurais, Raute, Damai, Kamis and Sarkis. Hill regions with their
green forest and long slopes leading to fertile valleys such as Kathmandu,
Pokhara and Surkhet. All those mentioned groups can socially divided into three
sub groups - the ethnic, caste, hunter and gathers group. The Brahims, Chhetri,
Newars. Damai, Kamis, Gaine, Badis and Thakuris belong to the caste group. The
Raoute belong to the hunter and gather group. Remaining other communities
belongs to ethnic group. Religiously they are Hindus, Buddhist, Christian and
Muslim. All those communities speak Tibeto-Burman languages and Indo-Aryan
languages. These two languages include number of dialects.
The Terai Region:
The economically important geographical region is populated by various
Indo-Aryan language speaking Mediterranean type people and som indigenous people
such as Tharus, Dhimal, Satar, Koche, Musahar, Meche and Dhangars. This is
agriculturally the most productive of all the regions and is therefore usually
called the granary of Nepal. The land is rich in production of rice, corn,
wheat, sugarcane, tobacco, jute, pulses, mustard and variety of forest
production.
Above all, Nepali is official language and spoken
by all of the people in Nepal.
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